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Strident vowels (also called sphincteric vowels) are strongly pharyngealized accompanied by an (ary)epiglottal trill, with the larynx being raised and the human pharynx constricted. (1996). 9780631198147, Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 9780631198147 (2025). 9780415861410, Routledge. ISBN 9780415861410 Either the epiglottis or the arytenoid cartilages thus vibrate instead of the vocal cords. That is, the epiglottal trill is the voice source for such sounds.
Strident vowels are fairly common in Khoisan languages, which contrasts them with simple pharyngealized vowels. Stridency is used in onomatopoeia in Zulu language and Lamba language. Stridency may be a type of phonation called harsh voice. A similar phonation, without the trill, is called ventricular voice; both have been called pressed voice. Bai language, of southern China, has a register system that has allophone strident and pressed vowels.
There is no official symbol for stridency in the IPA, but a superscript (for a voiced epiglottal trill) is often used. In some literature, a subscript double tilde (≈) is sometimes used.
It has been accepted into Unicode, at code points U+1DFD and U+107B4.
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